Crotalaria lanceolata

E.Mey. (1836)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Crotalaria

rattlepod

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect annual herbs.

Stems: Stems up to 17 dm long, striate, appressed short–pubescent, taproot with slender branches, nodules often present.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (trifoliolate). Alternate. Leaflets usually linear–lanceolate, lanceolate, or elliptic–lanceolate, 6.5–10.4 cm long, 0.4–0.8(–1.5) cm wide. Apex rounded or acute, occasionally mucronate. Base cuneate or rounded. Upper surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent; lower surfaces appressed short–pubescent. Margins entire. Veins faint, 10–25 on each side of midvein. Petioles 15–42 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in racemes, flowers 7–8.5 mm long, 20–50 in terminal, somewhat lax inflorescences, rachis 10–35(–42) cm long (incl. peduncle), bracts linear-triangular, 1–1.5 mm long, retrorse at maturity, usually persistent. Flowers papilionaceous; bracteoles at base of calyx, minute, linear–triangular. Calyx sparsely appressed short–pubescent, the tube 2–3 mm long, the lobes 0.7–1.1 mm long, lateral lobes distinct at apex. Calyx slightly bilabiate, the lobes shorter than to longer than the tube. Petals yellow with reddish purple lines externally, standard 5–8 mm long, 5–7 mm wide, wings oblong, 7.4–7.5 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, keel petals striate, with non twisted short beak, margins ciliate. Stamens 10, connate into a tube, the tube split at least at base on the upper side; anthers dimorphic, alternately long (and basifixed) and short (and versatile). Elongated anthers ca. 1.2 mm long, short ones 0.2–0.3 mm long. Ovary superior.

Fruit: Pods brown at maturity; 1.8–3.5 cm long; stipitate; the stipe less than 3 mm long; appressed short–pubescent. Seeds 20–50 per pod; pale yellow to orangish brown; 1.4–3 mm long; smooth.

Ploidy: 2n = 16

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr.: 24 (1836)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:660 (H); Oppenheimer 2004:12 (EM); Imada 2007:37 (O); Oppenheimer 2019:5 (WM)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Crotalaria lanceolata Green Lake, Kapoho Quarry area Preserved_Specimen Herb to 1.5'. Flws yellow w/burgundy veins. Seeds orange Stemmermann, R.L. 6877 Hawaii BISH 1984-02-04
2 Crotalaria lanceolata Puna Preserved_Specimen Shishido, W. Hawaii BISH 1986-10-15
3 Crotalaria lanceolata W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokahua Growing at edge of abandoned golf course fairway Preserved_Specimen Erect shrubs 30-40cm, flowers yellow Oppenheimer, H.L. 41513 Maui BISH 2015-04-05
4 Crotalaria lanceolata 1.5 mi S. of Keaau on Hwy. 130, waste transfer center waste transfer center Preserved_Specimen herb: corollas yellow, striped dark red. Miller, J.S. 7963 Hawaii BISH 1992-08-07
5 Crotalaria lanceolata Highway 11, 14-15 mile marker, Puna District. Along the highway, wet open disturbed habitat, mixed with other non-native species. Preserved_Specimen Bio, K.F. 30009 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-11
6 Crotalaria lanceolata Highway 11 near Kurtistown, Puna District. Small shrub growing in disturbed area adjacent to highway. Preserved_Specimen Fruits brown. Pratt, L.W. 3326 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-12
7 Crotalaria lanceolata Keeau waste area Preserved_Specimen Shishido, W. Hawaii BISH 1986-10-31
8 Crotalaria lanceolata East Maui, Makawao District, Honokala Roadside. Preserved_Specimen Weed <1m ht. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70204 Maui BISH 2002-07-14
9 Crotalaria lanceolata Waianae Mountains, Pahole, Peacock Flats road by NIKE site Roadside weed. Preserved_Specimen Kawelo, K. 11 Oahu BISH 2005-02-15
10 Crotalaria lanceolata East Maui, Makawao District, Honokala Roadside. Preserved_Specimen Weed <1m ht. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70204 Maui BISH 2002-07-14
11 Crotalaria lanceolata Mokuleia, Kuaokala Road Alien mesic forest. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 0.5 meters high. Flowers yellow with purple lines. Fruits black, dry pods with orange seeds. Morgan, L. 40 Oahu BISH 2007-02-07
12 Crotalaria lanceolata Roadside between Pahoa and Kalapana, Puna District. Small shrub in disturbed area beside road (Highway 130.) Preserved_Specimen No flowers, pods brown. Pratt, L.W. 3422 Hawaii BISH 2005-05-19
13 Crotalaria lanceolata Puna, Keaau transfer dump Preserved_Specimen herb to 1'; flowers yellow Herbst, D.R. 5548 Hawaii BISH 1975-10-23